MAD Architecture Unveils Grand Graceful ‘Chinese Paper Umbrella’ Design at the 2025 Venice Architecture Biennale

Innovative architecture firm MAD has crafted a breathtaking canopy for the Venice Architecture Biennale 2025. The structure reimagines traditional Chinese oil paper umbrellas, showcasing a monumental floating shape that serves as a sheltered outdoor area adjacent to the China Pavilion. Appropriately named Chinese Paper Umbrella, this design provides respite from external conditions and offers a serene site within a subtly evolving interior.

The grand canopy has been constructed using paper. It specifically utilizes Xuan paper, made by hand from the resilient bark of a Tara Wing-Celtis or Blue Sandalwood tree along with rice straw. MAD has also applied multiple layers of tung oil to the umbrella, creating a “breathable” surface capable of enduring various weather conditions. “Venice’s maritime climate experiences moderate fluctuations between daytime and nighttime temperatures,” the studio notes, “and its weather is frequently unpredictable, alternating between intense sunlight, sudden rains, and at times, strong winds.”

From a structural perspective, Chinese Paper Umbrella is supported by a slanted steel frame that gives the paper a draped appearance. There are openings in the canopy to enhance ventilation, and a sizable entryway acts as the entrance. Inside, wooden stools for seating are positioned beneath an integrated misting system for warmer days. The central lighting adapts as the day unfolds, creating a warm ambiance as daylight transitions to night. “As light traverses the oiled paper, the umbrella transforms into a pavilion of shadow and light, mirroring the rhythms of day and night,” MAD reveals.

Chinese Paper Umbrella is an exploration of transience. Over time, the paper will naturally alter, gradually becoming more yellow as it withstands sunlight and weathering. This is intentional. “Its slow fade highlights the structure’s impermanence,” MAD explains, “and provides a poetic commentary on the coexistence of architecture and the natural environment in thoughtful response to our evolving climate.”

MAD’s creations are currently exhibited at the Venice Architecture Biennale until November 23, 2025.